Inclusion Criteria:

1. Male or female subject 18-64 years of age

2. Be willing and able to provide personally signed informed consent indicating
understanding of the purpose, procedures required for the study and potential risks
and benefits of the study, and be willing to participate in the study

3. Be healthy or in stable health. Participants with pre-existing, stable,
well-controlled disease, defined as mild disease or medical condition not requiring
medical therapy or not requiring a change in medical therapy due to worsening of
disease during the 6 months before enrollment may be enrolled at the discretion of
the investigator. Participants with history of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection who
tested positive by PCR or rapid antigen test or participants with history of having
signs and symptoms mild COVID-19 illness (e.g., fever, cough, sore throat, malaise,
headache, muscle pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of taste and smell) but who
did not have shortness of breath, dyspnea, or abnormal chest imaging are eligible
for the study if they fully recovered a minimum of 6 months before enrollment.

4. Meets reproductive inclusion criteria

1. Female participants

Female participant is eligible if she is not pregnant or breastfeeding, and at
least 1 of the following conditions applies:

• is of childbearing potential and must have a negative pregnancy test prior to
study vaccinations and agree to use an effective method of birth control as
deemed appropriate by the investigator (e.g., hormonal contraceptive, barrier
contraceptive with additional spermicide, or an intrauterine device) beginning
>30 days prior to the first study vaccine administration and continuing for a
minimum of 30 days after the last dose of study vaccine.

OR

• is not of childbearing potential, defined as postmenopausal (a minimum of 12
months with no menses without an alternative medical cause) or surgically
sterile (bilateral tubal ligation, bilateral oophorectomy or hysterectomy).

2. Male participants

Male participant is eligible to participate if he agrees to the following
requirements from the time of first study vaccination until at least 30 days after
the last dose of study vaccine:

- Be abstinent from heterosexual intercourse with a female of childbearing
potential OR

- Must agree to use a male condom. In addition to male condom use, an effective
method of contraception may be considered in female partners of male
participants AND

- Must refrain from sperm donation

5. Have previously received 2 or more doses of a licensed COVID-19 vaccine(s) with the
last dose administered a minimum of 6 months (24 weeks) prior to enrollment.
Participants vaccinated with any of the vaccines approved by Health Canada for
active immunization to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS- CoV-2) in individuals 18 years of
age and older are eligible for the study. This includes the following COVID-19
vaccines: Moderna Spikevax®, Pfizer-BioNTech Comirnaty®, AstraZeneca Vaxzevria®,
Janssen Jcovden® (Johnson & Johnson), Novavax Nuvaxovid® and Medicago Covifenz®.
Participants who received one or more doses of VBI-2902a, VBI-2905a or any other
COVID-19 vaccines that are either investigational or not approved by Health Canada
are not eligible for the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. History of COVID-19 illness of moderate or greater severity, defined as one of the
following:

1. Moderate Illness: Individuals who show evidence of lower respiratory disease
during clinical assessment or imaging and who have an oxygen saturation (SpO2)
≥94% on room air at sea level.

2. Severe COVID-19 illness: Individuals who have SpO2 <94% on room air at sea
level, a ratio of arterial partial pressure of oxygen to fraction of inspired
oxygen (PaO2/FiO2) <300 mm Hg, a respiratory rate >30 breaths/min, or lung
infiltrates >50%.

3. Critical COVID-19 illness: Individuals who have respiratory failure, septic
shock, and/or multiple organ dysfunction.

2. Participants with a known history of SARS-CoV-1 or MERS infection.

3. Positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR or rapid antigen test at screening.

4. Participant with a history of an underlying clinically significant acute or chronic
medical condition or physical examination findings for which, in the opinion of the
investigator, participation in the study would not be in the best interest of the
participant (e.g., could compromise participant's wellbeing) or that could prevent,
limit, or confound the protocol-specified assessments.

5. Individuals with medical or psychiatric condition including recent (within the past
year) or active suicidal ideation/behavior or laboratory abnormality that may
increase the risk of study participation or, in the investigator's judgment, make
the participant inappropriate for the study.

6. History of cancer requiring chemotherapy or radiation within 5 years

7. Lack of participant's capacity (mental, social, behavioral), in the investigator's
judgement, to provide informed consent for participation in the study.

8. Known or suspected impairment of immunological function, including but not limited
to autoimmune diseases:

1. autoimmune diseases (e.g. multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, myasthenia
gravis, Crohn's disease and other inflammatory bowel diseases, celiac disease,
systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, including diffuse systemic form and
CREST syndrome, systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis polymyositis, rheumatoid
arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, autoimmune thyroiditis - including
Hashimoto thyroiditis, Grave's or Basedow's disease, immune thrombocytopenic
purpura, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, autoimmune hepatitis, psoriasis,
vitiligo, vasculitis, Guillain- Barré syndrome, transverse myelitis, Addison's
disease, Bell's palsy and alopecia areata);

2. secondary immunodeficiency disorders (e.g., Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection (HIV/AIDS), solid organ
transplant, splenectomy);

3. primary immunodeficiency disorders (e.g., common variable immune deficiency
(CVID), defective phagocytic cell function and neutropenia syndromes,
complement deficiency).

9. History of allergic reactions or anaphylactic reaction to any vaccine component.

10. Known infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), or
hepatitis B virus (HBV). Negative result of Anti-HIV, Anti-HCV and HBsAg testing at
screening is required for eligibility.

11. Pregnant or breastfeeding or plans to conceive from 2 weeks before the study until
the end of study.

12. Clinically significant abnormal physical examination, vital signs, or clinically
significant abnormal values for hematology, serum chemistry or urinalysis at
screening as determined by the investigator.

13. Any laboratory test abnormality that would be considered of Grade 1 severity or
above (as per FDA grading guidelines) and is considered as clinically significant by
the investigator. Grade 2 severity or above is exclusionary, regardless of clinical
assessment.

14. Receipt of blood products or immunoglobulin within 90 days prior to enrollment or
likely to require blood products during the study period.

15. Chronic administration (defined as more than 14 days in total) of immune-suppressive
or other immune-modifying drug within 6 months prior to enrollment (for
corticosteroids, this is defined as prednisone ≥20 mg/day or equivalent). Inhaled
and topical steroids are allowed.

16. Immunization with attenuated vaccines (e.g., shingles) within 4 weeks prior to
enrollment.

17. Immunization with inactivated vaccines (e.g., influenza) within 2 weeks prior to
enrollment.

18. Participation in another clinical study within 30 days prior to enrollment.
Participants who received one or more doses of VBI-2902a or VBI-2905a or other
investigational COVID-19 vaccines are not eligible for the study.

19. Any skin abnormality or tattoo that would limit post-vaccination injection site
assessment.

20. Family members of study site personnel.