In January 2020, researchers isolated and sequenced in China from patients with severeatypical pneumonia a novel coronavirus called severe acute respiratory syndromecoronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 hasrapidly spread throughout the world. SARS-CoV-2 may trigger hyperstimulation of immunesystem with an autoinflammatory response but also the development of an autoimmuneprocess. These autoimmune responses may also develop through the molecular mimicrybetween virus and human-self components. Multiple autoantibodies have been described inCOVID-19 patients.Annexin A2 (ANXA2), an endothelial cell receptor for plasminogen and tissue plasminogenactivator has been identified as a new autoantigen in antiphospholipid syndrome. ANXA2has been identified as candidate autoantigen recognized by SARS patient sera. ANXA2contributes also to pulmonary microvascular integrity. These data lead to identifyanti-ANXA2 antibodies in COVID-19 patient sera and to know if the presence of theseantibodies is associated with pulmonary injury or thrombosis in COVID-19 and represents amarker of severity.