Choledocholithiasis is reported to be present in 15-20% of patients with symptomaticgallstones. The single-stage management consists of performing either laparoscopic commonbile duct exploration (LCBDE) or intraoperative endoscopic retrogradecholangiopancreatography (ERCP) at the same time as laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).Since the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, surgical practice has significantly beenimpacted. The pandemic has had ramifications on patient and staff safety, surgicaltechniques, minimally invasive procedures, theatre workflow, education and training.We analysed a series of LCBDE procedures in our institution pre-, intra- andpost-COVID-19 pandemic to assess the feasibility, efficacy and safety of thissingle-stage treatment approach following the pandemic.
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Other: Single-stage LC + LCBDE
Choledochotomy and transductal common bile duct exploration or transcystic
choledochoscopy and common bile duct exploration
Inclusion Criteria:
- Patients that underwent single-stage LC + LCBDE for the management of
choledocholithiasis with concomitant gallstones.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Patients that underwent LC only or LCBDE only
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