Inclusion Criteria:

- The RCT included patients who met the following criteria: >18 years old,
had recently tested positive for COVID-19 through RT-PCR within the past five days,
and were categorized as moderate cases. The main clinical symptoms required for
inclusion were acute fever (greater than 38 °C) and cough, or more than three of the
following acute symptoms or signs: fever, cough, fatigue, headache, muscle pain,
sore throat, nasal congestion, runny nose, shortness of breath, anorexia, nausea,
vomiting, diarrhea, anosmia, or ageusia. The moderate case criteria are based on WHO
criteria including the radiology imaging that indicating pneumonia (new infiltrates
to consolidation) and clinical signs of pneumonia (fever, cough, shortness of
breath, and respiratory frequency between 20 to 30 times per minute).

Exclusion Criteria:

- Patients were excluded if they had any of the following conditions: an oxygen
saturation of less than 93%, participating in other clinical trials, pregnant or
lactating, receiving other immunomodulatory drugs, had a history of allergies to the
test product, or the history of tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, psychosis, or autoimmune
disorders. Subjects may also be dropped from the clinical trial if they withdraw,
fail to comply with the protocol (including using less than 80% of the test
product), disappear, or no longer meet the inclusion criteria. Adverse events,
worsening conditions, or new diagnoses during the trial also warrant exclusion.